Recombinant Human S100A8/A9 Heterodimer (carrier-free) 100 µg

S100A8/A9, also known as Calprotectin, is a heterodimeric protein that belongs to the family of low molecular weight, calcium binding S100 proteins with two EF-hand calcium binding domains. Calcium and zinc binding influences the S100A8/A9 conformation and oligomerization state, which includes the self-assembly into homo- and heterodimers and larger oligomers. S100A8/A9 is elevated in blood and other body fluids in many pathological conditions including rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, viral or microbial infections, and tumors. S100A8/A9 is identified as an endogenous activator of TLR4 and is involved in promoting the inflammatory response in infections. Neutrophil-derived S100A8/A9 inhibits growth of Staphylococcus aureus through the chelation of manganese and zinc. S100A8/A9 is also identified as a potent amplifier of inflammation in autoimmunity as well as in cancer development and tumor spread. Injury induced by S100A8/A9 stimulates IP-10 production in monocytes and macrophages. In addition, the S100A8/A9 heterodimer also promotes astrocyte proliferation.;